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1
![](3D"slide0001_image001.gif")
ETHICS,
FAIR HOUSING & TRUST
FUNDS
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 2
2
ETHICS
Ethics is a should. – The Law is a must.
Joi=
ntly
together, Ethics and the Law crea=
tes a =
pro=
tection
for buyers, sellers and licensees.
3
DEFINITION OF ETHICS
Ethi=
cs is
the study of moral conduct.
Ethics is a moral standard for life (living).&=
#13;
Ethics proceed the law.
![](3D"slide0004_image002.gif")
THE
GOLDEN RULE
“D=
o unto
others as you would have them do unto yo=
u.”
4
THE LAW
The law forms foundation for standard of care, all =
lice=
nsees
are obligated to follow the law.
=
;
Laws=
set
minimum standards for what a society regards as acceptable behavior. Violation of the law =
is an
illegal act for which the state has set penalties. (Monetary, loss or restriction of lice=
nse,
and/or Jail).
5
FAIR
HOUSING &
ANTIDISCRIMINATION =
ANTIDISCRIMINATION =
Fair housing legislation and practices involve =
=
almo=
st
every activity in real estate.
=
;
Agen=
ts use
these laws in everyday real activity, and =
should
be aware of them and their penalties.
6
FEDERAL LAWS=
3;
The Thirteenth Amendment
This amendment abolished slavery, but did not specifically address=
the
right of former slaves.
7
The Civil Rights Act of 1866
This act was intended to provide equal treatment =
for =
former
slaves.
“…all
citizens of the United States shall have the same
rights in every state or territory as is enjoyed by white citizens
thereof to inherit, purchase, lease, sell, hold and convey real an=
d pers=
onal
property.”
8
The Fourteenth Amendment
This amendment was written to support the Civil <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%;color:black'>Righ=
ts Act
of 1866.
The
Fourteenth Amendment did not limit itself to =
race=
. The Fourteenth Amendment offers a =
comp=
rehensive
Civil Rights protection.
9
The Civil Rights Act of 1870
After the Fourteenth Amendment some thought <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%;color:black'>the =
Act of
1866 was no longer valid. Therefo=
re the
Civil Rights Act was passed make sure the rights <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%;color:black'>of 1=
866
would remain valid.
The =
new
act as well as the fourteenth amendment, were ineffective in providing equal=
=
righ=
ts for
approximately one hundred years.
10
Executive Order 11063
On November 21, 1962 President John F. <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%;color:black'>Kenn=
edy
issued an order that prohibited <=
/span>disc=
rimination
in housing wherever federal funds were involved.
It
affected FHA, VA and government subsidized =
loan=
.
11
Civil Rights Act of 1968
This=
made
the Executive Order 11063 law.
Disc=
rimination.
Refu=
sal to
show, rent or sell through false representation.
Disc=
rimination
as to access to MLS.
12
Discriminatory sales or loan terms
Steering, which is directing peop=
le
of different races, religions, etc., away from or toward part=
icular
areas.
13
Redlining, whic=
h is
the refusal to loan within an area.
Reta=
liatory
acts against persons making fair–housing complaints.
Disc=
riminatory
advertising, which is prohibited even when related to activities exempt from th=
e =
act.=
14
Civil Rights Act of 1968
It prohibited discrimination in housing based on nati=
onal
origin, race, religion and color.
(Sexual discrimination was added in 1974).
This=
act
prohibits: discrimination by brok=
ers =
towa=
rd
clients and customers.
15
It is Illegal to Discriminate Against =
Any =
Person
Because of Race, Color, Religion, <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%;color:black'>Sex,
Handicap, Familial Status, or <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%;color:black'>Nati=
onal
Origin.
![](3D"slide0023_image004.jpg")
16
Ther=
e are
exceptions:
Religious groups, which can discriminate in =
prov=
iding
nonprofit housing, provided that the religion is open to all, regardless of race, s=
ex,
color, or national origin.
Priv=
ate
clubs, which can discriminate or give pref=
erence
to members when selling or leasing housing for noncommercial purposes.
17
Owners of single–family homes, who can =
=
disc=
riminate
when selling or renting without an agent, provided that they do not own more than=
=
thre=
e such
home and are not in the business of renting.
Owne=
rs of
one–to–four residential units who occupy a unit, who can discriminate, provided =
an <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%;color:black'>agen=
t is
not used in renting.
18
1988 Fair Housing Amendments =
A=
ct
This law extended federal protection against =
hous=
ing
discrimination to include familial status =
and
handicapped persons.
E=
xception:
Hous=
ing
units where 80 percent of the units are occupied by at least one
person aged 55 years or older are subject exemption.
19
AMEICANS
WITH
DISABILITIES ACT
DISABILITIES ACT
![](3D"slide0021_image006.jpg")
The Americans With Disa=
bilities
Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination that=
would
deny the equal enjoyment of goods serv=
ices,
facilities and accommodations in any
existing place of public accommodation, based =
on =
an
individual’s physical or mental disabilities.
20
The act provides for civil penalties of $50,000
for the first discriminatory act and $100,000 for =
each
subsequent violation, including compensatory <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%;color:black'>dama=
ges
and attorneys fees.
21
![](3D"slide0027_image008.jpg")
California has several fa=
ir hous=
ing
laws as well as administrative regulations deal=
ing
with discrimination.
=
;
CALIFORNIA
FAIR HOUSING LAWS
22
UNRUH ACT
The Unruh Act prohibits discrimination in all <=
span
style=3D'position:absolute;top:23.5%;left:5.24%;width:103.74%;height:6.5%'=
>busi=
ness
establishments. This act to real =
estate
brokers, sales persons and anyone who manages <=
span
style=3D'position:absolute;top:36.0%;left:5.24%;width:89.88%;height:6.5%'>=
apar=
tments.
For
noncompliance with this act includes personal =
dama=
ges
plus $250.
23
RUMFORD FAIR HOUSING
ACT
The Fair Employment and Housing Act, also known as the <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:156%;color:black'>Rumford=
Act,
prohibits discrimination in supplying housing
accommodations on the basis of sex, color race, <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:156%;color:black'>religio=
n,
marital status, ancestry or national origin.
24
THE HOLDEN ACT
The Holden Act prohibits financial institution =
from
engaging in discriminatory loan activities or =
prac=
tices.
25
<=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%;mso-special-forma=
t:
lastCR;display:none'>
COMMISSIONER’S RULES
AND REGULATIONS
AND REGULATIONS
=
3;
Article 10 of th=
e Real
Estate Commissioner’s Rules and Regulations concerns the discriminatory =
<=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%'>activities of re=
al
estate licensees. List unacceptable
discriminatory practices by licensees. Regula=
tion
2780 indicates that discriminatory conduct by real estate licensees is a =
basis for
disciplinary action by the Commissioner.
26
Licensees must be color-blind in their relations <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%'>with owners as w=
ell as
prospective buyers and tenants. Anything=
less
is a violation of the law as well as just “bad business.”
27
SEXUAL
HARASSMENT
In today’s workplace, you must be
cognizant of what could be regarded by others as being sexual harassment.<=
/div>
Sexual harassment can be defined by how your =
=
actions are v=
iewed
by others, not necessarily by your intent.
28
Charges of sexual
harassment could result in legal expenses and significant damage awards or settlement costs=
.
Avoid sexually
oriented jokes and anecdotes.
Don’t use “cute”
double-meaning terms.
Never discuss yo=
ur
love life or that of others in the workplace.
29
Avoid patting, h=
ugging
and touching others.
What you might r=
egard
as a sign of “friendship” might be regarded differently by others.
While in some cu=
ltures
it is acceptable to talk to others with your face just inches from the other <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%'>person, many peo=
ple
regard this closeness as intimidating and/or sexual harassment.
30
Avoid romantic overtures or entanglements in the workplace.
Asking a coworke=
r for
a date, if repeated on numerous occasions, could be regarded as =
harassment. If a romantic relationship gets <=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:156%'>started in the
workplace, a difficult working relationship will normally be the result should it =
=
end.
31
If a buyer or seller seems to be inviting sexual advances, ignore=
the
signals. You could be =
wrong, and if yo=
u are,
you could find yourself facing a charge of sexual harassment.
32
![](3D"slide0041_image009.gif")
![](3D"slide0041_image011.jpg")
![](3D"slide0041_image013.jpg")
![](3D"slide0041_image015.jpg")
LET’S GET ON <=
/span><=
span
style=3D'font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:200%'>OUR MAGIC
CARPETS AND GO HOME.
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pptSound.loop=3D -(parseInt(g_bgSound.substr(idx+1)));
}
SlideObj.filters.revealtrans.Apply()=09
}
SlideObj.style.visibility=3D"visible"
if( fTrans )
SlideObj.filters.revealtrans.Play()
}
function MakeNotesVis()=20
{
if( !IsNts() ) return false=20
SlideObj.style.display=3D"none"
nObj =3D document.all.item("NotesObj")
parent.SetHasNts(0)
if( nObj ) {=20
nObj.style.display=3D""
parent.SetHasNts(1)
}
return 1
}
function ChkAutoAdv()
{
if(SldHasTrans())
SlideObj.onfilterchange=3DAutoAdv
else
AutoAdv()
}
function AutoAdv()
{
if(!IsWin("PPTSld") || !gUseSldTimings )return
var sld=3DGetCurSld()
if( (sld.mAdvDelay>0) && !parent.IsFramesMode() )
setTimeout("parent.GoToNextSld()",sld.mAdvDelay)
}
function GetObj(id)
{
if(g_supportsPPTHTML) return document.all(id);
else return document.getElementById(id);
}
function SldHasTrans() { return SlideObj.style.filter !=3D ""; }
function GetSldId() { return sId=3Dlocation.href.substring(location.href.la=
stIndexOf('/')+1) }
function HideMenu() { if( frames["PPTSld"] && PPTSld.document.all.item("ctx=
tmenu") && PPTSld.ctxtmenu.style.display!=3D"none" ) { PPTSld.ctxtmenu.styl=
e.display=3D'none'; return true } return false }
function IsWin( name ) { return window.name =3D=3D name }
function IsNts() { return IsWin("PPTNts") }
function IsSldOrNts() { return( IsWin("PPTSld")||IsWin("PPTNts") ) }
function SupportsPPTAnimation() { return( navigator.platform =3D=3D "Win32"=
&& navigator.appVersion.indexOf("Windows")>0 ) }
function SupportsPPTHTML()
{
var appVer=3Dnavigator.appVersion, msie=3DappVer.indexOf("MSIE "), ver=3D0
if( msie >=3D 0 )
ver=3DparseFloat( appVer.substring( msie+5, appVer.indexOf(";",msie) ) )
else
ver=3DparseInt(appVer)
return( ver >=3D 4 && msie >=3D 0 )
}
function _RSW()
{
if( !g_supportsPPTHTML || IsNts() ||
( !g_scaleInFrame && (!IsWin("PPTSld") || !parent.IsFullScrMode()) ) )
return
var padding=3D0;
if( IsWin("PPTSld") && parent.IsFramesMode() ) padding=3D6
cltWidth=3Ddocument.body.clientWidth-padding
cltHeight=3Ddocument.body.clientHeight-padding
factor=3D(1.0*cltWidth)/g_origW
if( cltHeight < g_origH*factor )
factor=3D(1.0*cltHeight)/g_origH
newSize =3D g_origSz * factor
if( newSize < 1 ) newSize=3D1
s=3DSlideObj.style
s.fontSize=3DnewSize+"px"
s.posWidth=3Dg_origW*factor
s.posHeight=3Dg_origH*factor
s.posLeft=3D(cltWidth-s.posWidth+padding)/2
s.posTop=3D(cltHeight-s.posHeight+padding)/2
if( g_scaleHyperlinks )
ScaleHyperlinks( factor )
}
function _InitAnimations()
{
animRuntimeInstalled =3D ''+document.body.localTime !=3D 'undefined';
isFullScreen =3D (window.name =3D=3D "PPTSld") && !parent.IsFramesMode();
g_animUseRuntime =3D g_showAnimation && animRuntimeInstalled && !(isFullSc=
reen && parent.IsSldVisited());
if( g_animUseRuntime ) {
collSeq =3D document.all.tags("seq");
if( collSeq !=3D null ) {
for(ii=3D0;ii
' + ENDSHOW_MESG + '
![](3D"notes_flag.gif")
No=
tes![](3D"buttons.gif")
